Rapid growth in the market for these technologies will quickly see them become one of the highest value sectors of the automotive industry supply chain.   For many applications the technology is disruptive, and will drive new technology investments, attract new companies into the supply chain and force vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers to collaborate or make acquisitions to stay competitive in the future.

 

The report examines recent developments in the market and future trends, analysing the advantages and disadvantages of each technology and considering which applications will benefit most from their adoption.  It also suggests potential penetration and growth rates in unit and value terms.  Importantly the report also reviews the near term applications that will enter the market and what developments will be need to be achieved in the longer term to ensure success.

 

Many current applications of advanced energy storage technologies are high cost and produced in too low volumes to enter the mass market.  The industry is therefore facing a dilemma over which technology should be the target of its limited resources whilst it strives to ensure its targets for CO2 reduction is achieved.

 

 

Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium - Li(NiCoAl)O2 - NCA
Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO) – LiCoO2
Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) – LiFePO4
Lithium Magnesium Iron Phosphate (LFMP)
Lithium Manganese Spinel (LMO/LMS)- LiMn2O4
Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese (NCM)-  Li(NiCoMn)O2
Lithium Iron Sulphide (LFS) – LiFeS
Lithium Polymer (Li-Po)
Lithium Nickel LiNiO2
Lithium Titanate Oxide (LTO) - Li4Ti5O12
Lithium Metal Polymer (LMP)
Lithium Vanadium Phosphate (LVP) – Li3V2(PO4)3
Lithium Sulphur
Lithium Manganese Titanium (MNS)

 

Zinc-Nickel
Nickel Sodium
Others
Zinc-Air
Lithium-Air (Li-Air)

 

 

A123
AESC
Bollore-Batscap
BYD
Evonik
Hitachi EV
Johnson Controls-Saft
LG Chem
GS Yuasa
Panasonic EV Energy (PEVE)
Sanyo
SB Limotive
Valence
Others

 

A123
Advanced Battery Technologies
Altair Nanotechnologies
Asahi Kasei
Axion Power
Bolloré
BYD
Cobasys
Continental
EEStor
Electrovaya
Enax
Ener1
Energy Conversion Devices
Evonik
Exide Technologies
Fiamm
GS Yuasa
Hitachi
JEOL
Johnson Controls
LG Chem
Lithium Technology Corporation
LS Corporation
Maxwell Technologies
MOLL
NEC-Tokin
NessCap
Nichicon
Nippon Chemi-Con
Panasonic
Saft
Sanyo
SK Energy
TDK
Valence

 

 

Figure 1 Major industry drivers and stakeholders
Figure 2 Global Short Term CO2 and Fuel Economy targets
Figure 5 Tank/Well to wheels analysis (TTW/WTW)
Figure 3 Well to Wheels CO2 on the Japanese 10-15 mode cycle (Total CO2 per km driving)
Figure 4 Energy requirement kWh per km for various test cycles
Figure 7 Overall efficiency of conventional powertrain vs electric
Figure 6 Fuel specific and gravimetric energy density
Figure 8 Adoption of Alternative Technologies to meet EU CO2 targets 2015/2020
Figure 9 Simple comparison of ESS
Figure 10 Summary of Alternative ESS (1 – Very Poor 10 Very Good)
Figure 11 Ragone chart
Figure 12 Detailed Ragone chart
Figure 13 Trends in Energy Density of Batteries (Wh/kg) (Based on raw material specific energy density)
Figure 14 Number of cycles needed by application
Figure 15 Cycles by chemistry (Deep Discharge)
Figure 16 Forecast energy density and estimated costs per kWh for lithium ion
Figure 17 Battery Cell Cost (Lithium-Ion)
Figure 18 Battery Cell Cost Reduction (Lithium Ion)
Figure 19 Potential Evolution of Battery Costs per kWh
Figure 20 Charge-discharge energy efficiency % of rechargeable batteries
Figure 21 Potential Charge and Discharge Rates
Figure 22 ESS Operating Temperatures
Figure 23 Toyota Prius III Battery Packaging (NiMH HEV)
Figure 24 GM Volt Battery Pack (Lithium Ion EREV)
Figure 25 Nissan Leaf Battery Pack (Lithium Ion - EV)
Figure 26 Comparison of Alternative ESS Self Discharge Rates
Figure 27 Battery Weight for current applications
Figure 28 VRLA battery components
Figure 29 Lithium Ion Battery Construction Cylindrical/Spiral Design
Figure 30 Lithium Ion Battery Construction Prismatic Design
Figure 31 Major Battery Suppliers OEM Relationships
Figure 32 Major Battery Suppliers Chemistries
Figure 33 A123 Cell Performance Improvement
Figure 34 Batscap LMP Battery Characteristics
Figure 36 Johnson Controls Saft Battery Specifications
Figure 37 PEVE Hybrid Vehicle NiMH modules
Figure 38 PEVE Hybrid Vehicle NiMH modules
Figure 39 Ultra-capacitor components
Figure 40 Ultracapacitor applications requirements
Figure 41 Typical Ultracapacitor configurations
Figure 42 Eaton Heavy Duty Hydraulic Launch Assist
Figure 43 METI & NEDO Battery R&D Targets
Figure 44 EUCAR Battery Targets
Figure 45 USABC Goals for Advanced Batteries for PHEVs
Figure 46 USABC Goals for Advanced Batteries for HEVs
Figure 47 Examples of vehicles with stop-start
Figure 48 Functions of Various Drivelines
Figure 49 Energy Storage for Current and Near Future Hybrids and EVs
Figure 50 Energy Storage for Current and Near Future Hybrids and EVs
Figure 50 Energy Management Strategies by vehicle type
Figure 51 Energy Management for Driveline Types
Figure 52 Current and Future Micro Hybrids, HEV, PHEV, BEV 2008-2010/11
Figure 53 OEM ESS relationships and programmes
Figure 54 Miev Cell Specifications
Figure 55 Supplier Battery Relationships
Figure 56 Cost vs savings 2010 Europe (Based on 5 Years (€))
Figure 57 Cost vs savings 2010 US (Based on 5 Years (€))
Figure 58 Cost-benefit estimates EU 2025 Over 5 Years (€)
Figure 59 Distances travelled by region
Figure 60 European CO2 penalties
Figure 61 Incentives for Hybrids and EV purchase 2009
Figure 62 Impact of Incentives on Economics
Figure 63 Charging time vs power (Nissan)
Figure 64 Market penetration scenarios 2015
Figure 65 Market penetration scenarios 2025
Figure 66 Energy Storage System Market Forecast
Figure 67 Battery Alliances
Figure 68 Selected Battery investments
Figure 69 Government Funding and Support Programmes
Figure 70 Risks for OEMs
Figure 71 Value chain
Figure 72 Availability in Europe, North America, Japan and Korea
Figure 73 Power Storage Technology Roadmap